require a dozenInternetexperts what the termWeb 2.0means , and you ’ll get a dozen dissimilar answers . Some say that WWW 2.0 is a set of philosophies and recitation that provideWebusers with a deep and rich experience . Others say it ’s a young collection of applications and technology that make it easy for hoi polloi to find info and connect with one another online . A few journalists maintain that the full term does n’t think anything at all – it ’s just a marketing stratagem used to hypesocial networkingsites .
Before we get into the debate about what Web 2.0 actually means , allow ’s look at where the phrase originate . In 2004 , publishing firm O’Reilly Media and tradeshow production company MediaLive International had a brainstorming session . The two companionship planned a league that addressed the state of the Web , its future and the emerging techniques that would help ensure its success on the Internet . Tim O’Reilly , founder and CEO of O’Reilly Media , want to make the power point that despite the dot - com crash of 2000 , the Web was sure to become an tremendous receipts generator .
During this brainstorming academic session , O’Reilly Media publishing company Dale Dougherty strike the phrase WWW 2.0 to describe the new entanglement environs that emerged after the crash . While lots of Internet companies had declaredbankruptcy , a few stout site superintend to survive . NewWeb siteswere appearing every day , and many of them used drastically different occupation model than the commercial land site that existed before the crash .
Still , no one had a clear definition of what vane 2.0 really mean . If there really was a Web 2.0 , did that mean there was also a Web 1.0 ? The use of " 2.0 " mean an improvement , or a new generation of World Wide Web internet site , but there was no consensus on what made internet 2.0 unlike from Web 1.0 .
In September 2005 , Tim O’Reilly posted ablogentry that defined entanglement 2.0 . The account spanned five Page of school text and graphic illustrate O’Reilly ’s take on what the term mean .
O’Reilly ’s philosophy of Web 2.0 included these theme :
In this clause , we ’ll explore each of these points . We ’ll also look at the debate about whether or not entanglement 2.0 in reality has a practical substance .
In the next discussion section , we ’ll reckon at what it mean to apply the Web as a platform .
Using the Web as a Platform
In the blog entry that described his philosophy of entanglement 2.0 , Tim O’Reilly wrote that before the dot - com bubble flare-up , Webcompanies like Netscape concentrated on providing a product . In Netscape ’s character , the mathematical product was a World Wide Web internet browser . These products would then serve as the founding for a retinue of lotion and other mathematical product . O’Reilly ’s vision of a connection 2.0 company is one that provides a divine service rather than a product .
The example O’Reilly used in his blog entry wasGoogle . He said that Google ’s note value comes from several factor :
Another important part of using the Web as a weapons platform is designing what O’Reilly callsrich user experiences . These are program andapplets– minor programs that fit within a big program orWeb page– to make internet surfing and accessing theInternetmore enjoyable . For example , the serviceTwitterprovides is based off of a very simple conception : appendage can institutionalise a message to an entirenetworkof Friend using a simpleinterface . But Twitter also allows third - company developer to get at part of the Twitterapplication programing interface(API ) . This admittance allows them to make new coating based off the introductory features of Twitter . For example , Twitterific is a computer program for the Mac designed by a third - party developer called the Iconfactory . It incorporate the Twitter service into a desktop lotion for users . While Twitter did n’t spring up Twitterific , it did give the Iconfactory the entropy it need to create the app .
Other website espouse a similar philosophy . In 2007 , the social networking siteFacebookgave third - company developers get at to its API . Before long , hundred of new applications programme appeared , using Facebook as a weapons platform . Facebook members can choose from dozens of applications to enhance their shop experiences .
The service and access a Web site offers is an of import part of connection 2.0 ’s philosophy , and it ’s related to the thought of web democratisation . In the next surgical incision , we ’ll look at how ordinary people are interacting with and exchange the Internet .
Democratization of the Web
Web democratizationrefers to the style the great unwashed access and kick in to the cyberspace . Many earlyWeb pageswerestatic , with no way for users to add to or interact with the information . In some ways , many companies thought of theInternetas an lengthiness oftelevision– browsers would see passively at whatever content theWebprovided . Other companionship had different theme , though . For illustration , Amazonallowed visitors to create accounts and render book reviews . Anyone could play the part of a literary critic . Before foresightful , other customers were using these reassessment to aid them decide what Scripture to corrupt . Amazon ’s penis were aid to shape the browsing experience .
The Web 2.0 philosophy emphasizes the grandness of people ’s interactions with the Internet . Everyone has an chance to put up to the Web . And , by paying attention to what users are search for and doing online , a company can provide better serving and progress client trueness . Some Web pages utterly depend upon substance abuser part – without them , there ’d be no Web site . Wikisare a estimable example of this . drug user can enter information , qualify exist data point or even delete entire sections in wikis . at last , the the great unwashed who claver the World Wide Web website limit what it contains and how it looks .
Tim O’Reilly wrote about the importance ofharnessing corporate intelligence . He stated that the World Wide Web site that are shaped by user contributions will germinate into more superior destinations than other sites . He citedWikipediaas the everlasting good example . O’Reilly felt that the community of informed user could monitor and maintain the web site . However , since anyone can put up data to Wikipedia , a person could defer incorrect information either by accident or on purpose . There ’s no way to guarantee the accuracy of the information , and you ca n’t keep back anyone responsible for submitting wrong information .
Another element of vane democratization is thetag . Web tags are label that permit substance abuser to associate information with particular topics . Many sites allow drug user to apply tag to selective information order from uploaded image toblogentries . Tags become important when the great unwashed usesearch engines . Users can tag their information with hunting terms , and when another user enters a search term that matches the tatter , that information will be listed as a hunt final result . Tagging data makes search for selective information quicker and more effective . drug user - contribute shred are a part offolksonomy , a categorization system on the vane .
The last piece of the democratization puzzle isopen source software system . An exposed source curriculum is one in which the computer programmer allow anyone to expect at the codification he or she used to make the program . And you could do more than just look . Some may countenance you to modify the code to make it more efficient or even to make a new program using the original code as a groundwork . Ideally , an open source program will receive the good quality assurance testing uncommitted because anyone can examine and try it .
But democratisation of the World Wide Web is just one part of Web 2.0 ’s doctrine . In the next plane section , we ’ll look at how Web sites distribute information in a active way .
Distributing Information
Before the dot - com clash , manyWeb pagesfeatured moving-picture show and text that the vane varlet decision maker rarely update . AsWebediting software package became more user - friendly , it became easier to make changes more often . Some companies go along to present data in a motionless , non - interactive way , but a few start to experiment with fresh ways of distributing entropy .
One fresh way was to useWeb syndicationformats likeReally unproblematic Syndication(RSS ) . With RSS , user could sign to a Web Sir Frederick Handley Page and receive update whenever the administrator for that page made any changes . Some programmer project applications that created RSS readers on PC or Mac desktop , which intend users could check on update for their favorite Web site without even opening a Web web internet browser .
Another way of deal information on the Web total as a surprise to many mass : blogs . While people have make personal Web pages since the former day of the Web , the blog format is very unlike from the traditional personal Web pageboy . For one affair , most blogs are organized chronologically , so it ’s possible for a reviewer to see the most recent introduction , then go back into archives and follow the blog ’s progression from start to polish .
web log are a beneficial way to get entropy out to readers fast . People read blogs , see thing that worry them and write about it in their own blogs . Information begin to spread from one blogger to another . Marketing firms call this blog - to - blog method acting of transmitting informationviral merchandising . Many companies are reckon into ways to utilize viral marketing to their advantage – it ’s both powerful advertising and cheap because the targeted hearing does most of the study for you .
Web pages like blogs rely on the use ofpermalinks . Permalinks arehypertextlinks that connect to a specific web log entry . Without permalinks , discuss blog entries would become a slow procedure . All links would moderate the user to the main web log Thomas Nelson Page , which may have been updated since the tie was first create . Permalinks allow users to anchor a nerve pathway to a specific web log entry . If you see a peculiarly fascinating discussion on a blog , you’re able to expend a permalink to guide your friends there to read up on the bailiwick .
Another key construct to Web 2.0 is the internalisation of non - computer gimmick into the Internet . Manycell phonesandPDAsnow have some level ofInternetconnectivity , and Apple’siTunesapplication mix swimmingly withiPods . O’Reilly cites the expansion of Internet services beyond electronic computer as another example of how the WWW is evolving .
In the next discussion section , we ’ll look at how some members of the Web community argufy the need for the vane 2.0 term .
The Web 2.0 Debate
The term Web 2.0 has revolutionize a caboodle of discussion . Some differ on exactly what the full term means , and others contend that it does n’t mean anything at all . Here are some summaries of the independent arguments :
There are hundreds of other web log entry that rivet on Web 2.0 , what it means and whether it ’s really a step forward in the evolution of the Internet . It ’s too other to say if the term will have staying ability or if it will fade forth as just another marketing slogan . For the time being , we ’ll in all likelihood see its conception put to use throughout the cyberspace .
To learn more about World Wide Web 2.0 and related topics , pursue the connection on the next page .
